National University Preliminary to Master’s Course Syllabus Review. Department of Accounting Syllabus for One-Year Preliminary to Master’s Course Effective from the Session: 2016-2017
Detailed Department of Accounting Syllabus
Accounting for Public Sector and NGO (Public Sector Accountability and Control)
Paper Code: 412501
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Read More: NU Degree Subject List, Code and Syllabus
Budget: Ministry of Finance, budget monitoring and resource committee, technical committee, budget schedule, revenue budget, development budget, annual development plan, deficit budget, surplus budget, public expenditure survey.
Accounts Administration: Controller General of Accounts (CGA), principal accounting officers (secretaries), regional accounts offices, district accounts offices, subdivisions (thana) accounts offices, finance accounts, appropriation accounts, civil department accounts, defense accounts, railway accounts, Controller General of Defense (CGDF).
Consolidated fund, cashbook (tax, foreign grants, & loans, domestic loans), charged and non-charged expenditures, accounting system in the government departments, cash basis and accrual basis accounting, SOEs, local government.
Accountability in the Ministry: Ministerial committees, ministerial annual reports, the secretary’s report vs. corporate chairman’s report, cooperation with the parliamentary committees, cooperation with the C&AG, the role of independent experts, government procurement.
Department of Accounting Syllabus Review
Public Fund: State provident fund, national savings fund (savings certificates), reserve fund (depreciation fund for long-term assets), local fund, foreign grants, refundable advances (between departments), suspense accounts (claims, checks, bills), special deposit, remittances, government employees’ welfare fund.
Agency System: Public sector reform, CEO, financial and management autonomy, performance-related bonus system, growth through depreciation, agencification in BRTC, BIWTA, Dhaka City Corporation, RAJUK.
Supreme Audit Institution’s Control of Public Sector Accountability: Comptroller & Auditor General (C&AG), statutory audit, performance audit, audit objections, and settlement.
Parliamentary Control of Public Sector Accountability: Public accounts committee (PAC), purpose, composition of members, performance, dealings with the ministries, and CAG, PAC, and its role in the private sector.
National Board of Revenue (NBR): Administration, control mechanisms, survey, intelligence and investigation, inspection and audit, financial incentive system.
What should the government do? Rationale for the growth of government, public sector in an intermediate regime, performance of SOEs and private firms, privatization, regulation, and excess regulation, transformation in the role of government.
Accounting for NGOs: Societies, clubs, hospitals, foreign-funded NGOs, sources of funds, receipts and payments accounts, income and expenditure account, profit or loss of a special purpose (bar, tournament, business venture), accumulated fund, statement of affairs, subscription account, donations.
Recommended Text Books
1. Chowdhury D. (2012) Incentives, Control and Development: Governance in Private and Public Sector with Special Reference to Bangladesh, (second edition), Dhaka: Dhaka University, Dhaka.
2. Sobhan R. and Ahmed M. (1980) Public Sector in an Intermediate Regime: A Study of the Political Economy of Bangladesh, Dhaka: BIDS.
Management Accounting
Department of Accounting Syllabus Details: Paper Code: 412503
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Introduction: Definition of Management Accounting and Its Relation with Financial and Cost Accounting, Management Accounting and Decision Making, Importance of Ethics, Management Accounting in Service and Non-profit Organizations, Cost-Benefit and Behavioral Considerations, Management Process and Accounting.
Planning and Control for Product Life Cycles and the Value Chain, Career Opportunities in Management Accounting, Changes in Business Processes and Management Accounting, Management Accounting Profession.
Cost Concepts and Classifications: General Cost Classifications- Cost Classifications on Financial Statements – The Flow of Cost in a Manufacturing Company- Cost Classifications Predicting Cost Behavior- Cost Classifications for Decision Making.
Absorption and Variable Costing: Variable and Absorption Costing, Variable vs. Absorption Costing: Operating Income and Income Statements, Absorption Costing and Performance Measurement, Comparing Inventory Costing Methods:
Absorption & Variable, Costing, and Actual, Normal & Standard Costing; Reconciliation of profit under both methods.
Cost-Volume-Profit Relationships: Identifying Resources, Activities, Costs, and Cost Drivers, Variable and Fixed Costs, CVP Analysis:
Computing the Break-Even Point (BEP), Graphing the BEP, Changes in Fixed Expenses, Changes in Unit Contribution Margin, Target Net Profit, and an Incremental Approach, Multiple Changes in Key Factors;
Additional Uses of CVP Analysis: Best Cost Structure, Operating Leverage, Margin of Safety, Contribution Margin and Gross Margin; Sales-Mix Analysis, Impact of Income Taxes.
More Details
Relevant Costs for Decision Making: Management’s Decision-making Process-Identifying Different Costs and Benefits- Different Costs for Different The Incremental Analysis Approach-Types of Incremental Analysis- Accept an Order at a Special Price, Make or Buy, Sell or Process Further, Retain or Replace Equipment, Eliminate an Unprofitable Business Segment, Allocate Limited Resources.
Budgeting and Budgetary Control: Budgets and the Organization: Potential Problems in Implementing Budgets, Planning Horizon (Strategic Plan and Long-Range Planning):
Types of Budgets: Master Budget, Components of a Master Budget: Operating Budget/Profit Plan (Sales budget, Purchases budget, Cost of goods sold budget, Operating expenses budget), and Financial budget: Cash budget, Budgeted Income statement, and preparing master Budget: Activity Based Budget.
Flexible Budget: Flexible Budget and Fixed Budget-Characteristics of Flexible Budget-Advantages of Flexible Budget- Segmentation of Semi-variable Cost-Preparation of Flexible Budget.
Standard Costing: Concepts-Standards and Budgets-Advantages of Standard Costing-Analysis of Material, Labor, and Overhead Variances.
Recommended Books:
- C. T. Horngren, G. L. Sundem, W. O. Stratton, J. Schatzberg, and D. Burgstahler. Introduction to Management Accounting (Latest Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
- Ray H. Garrison, Eric W. Noreen, and Peter C. Brewer: Managerial Accounting (Latest Edition). Boston: McGraw-Hill & Irwin.
- Charles T. Horngren, Srikant M. Datar, Madhav V. Rajan. : Cost Accounting: A Managerial Emphasis (Latest Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Business Finance
Department of Accounting Syllabus: Paper Code: 412505
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Introduction: Definition of Finance – Business Finance – Functions of Finance-
Importance of Finance – Goals of the Firm – Social Responsibilities of the Firm.
Short-Term Financing: Spontaneous Sources of Short-Term Financing-Trade Credit, Accruals, Negotiated Short-Term Financing, Short-Term Bank Loans, Open Market Loans, Secured Loans, and Other Sources of Short-Term Financing.
Intermediate-Terms Financing: Definition-Characteristics-Types and Sources- Advantages and Disadvantages – Cost of Term Financing-Methods of Repayment Schedule.
Long-Term Financing: Definition-Characteristics-Importance- Sources of Long-Term Financing and Methods of Raising Long-Term Fund-Instruments of Long-Term Financing-Common Stock-Preferred Stock-Debt Capital- Advantages and Disadvantages of Long-Term Financing-Lease Financing –Definition-Contents – Features-Types-Methods- Advantages and Disadvantages-Leasing versus Borrowing Decision.
Time Value of Money and its Application: Time Value Definition – Present Value – Future Value – Concept of Annuity – Compounding – Effective Rate of Return.
Concepts of Risk and Return: Definition of Risk – Difference between Risk and Uncertainty – Relation between Risk and Return – Measurement of Risk – Total Risk – Portfolio Risk – Corporate Risk – Market Risk – Significance of Risk in the Field of Financial Environment.
Accounting Syllabus Review
Concept of Cost of Capital and Valuation of Securities: Capital Components and Cost of Debts – Cost of Preferred Stock – Cost of Common Equity-Cost of Retained Earnings – Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) – General Valuation Model – Bond Valuation-Preferred Stock and Common Stock Valuation.
Introduction to Capital Budgeting: Concept of Capital Budgeting – Methods of Project Appraisal – Traditional and Discounted Cash Flow Techniques – Capital Budgeting Decision Rules – Evaluation of the Decision Rules – Comparison of Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Method – Comparison of the NPV and Profitability Index (PI) Method.
Working Capital Management: Concept of Working Capital – Components of Working Capital – Nature of Working Capital – Kinds of Capital – Importance of Adequate Working Capital – Inadequacy of Working Capital – Dangers of Inadequate or Excessive Working Capital – Determinants of Working Capital – Sources of Working Capital – Management of Working Capital – Working Capital Forecasting – Working Capital Cycle – Practical Problems on Working Capital Management.
Recommended Books:
- James Van Horne and John M Wachowicz, Fundamentals of Financial Management (Latest Edition). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
- Hampton, Working Capital Management.
- Bernstein, L.A. and J.J. Wild, Financial Statement Analysis.
Business Statistics
Department of Accounting Syllabus: Paper Code: 412507
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Introduction to Statistics: Definition, Concepts, Characteristics, Uses and Importance, Theory, Methods: Descriptive, Inductive Statistics, Relation of Statistics with other Disciplines.
Collection of Business Data: Primary data, secondary data, experimental, observational, and empirical data, panel data, and their orientation. Census, surveys, and conventional types of other inquiries, unit population identification, Methods of collecting primary data, framing of questionnaire-Presentation and collection of secondary data.
Processing of Business Data: Classification, types of classification, array formation, types of variables and attributes, Construction of Frequency Distribution:
Frequency distribution- Frequency distribution of variables and Frequency distribution of Attributes-Absolute Frequency distribution, Cumulative Frequency distribution, and Relative and cumulative Relative Frequency Distribution, Tabulation, Parts of table, Types of table, Construction of table from data statements.
Presentation of Statistical Data: Graphical presentation, histogram, Range curve, Band curve, Simple, Multiple, Component and Paired Bar Diagram, Pie-Diagram, Lorenz Curve, Histogram, Frequency Polygon, Frequency Curves and Ogives.
Measures of Central Tendency: Concept of Central tendency-Common measures: Mean, Median, Mode-Their computation both in Algebraic and Graphic methods. Their uses and comparison of the common measures-Specific measures, Geometric mean, Harmonic mean, Quadratic Relationship among the common measures-Desirable properties of a good measure.
Measures of Dispersion: Absolute Measures: Mean Deviation, Range, Standard Deviation, Quartile Deviation, Percentile, Deciles, Relative Measures.
Correlation: Simple Correlation-Positive Correlation-Negative correlation-Karl Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation-Co-efficient of Determination-Use of probable error in interpretation of Correlation Co-efficient-Rank Correlation Co-efficient-Simple Correlation, Co-efficient from Bivariate frequency distribution-Multiple correlation, partial correlation.
Regression: Linear Bivariate Regression Model-Coefficient of Regression-fitting of Regression lines-fitting of Regression equations by use of correlation coefficient and standard deviations-accuracy and reliability of regression estimates-Fitting of multivariate regression model, its uses and interpretations.
Probability
Concepts, Meaning, Classical and Frequency definitions-Use of Sets and Combination in probability calculations-Total and Multiplication theorems-Marginal and Joint Probability, Independent, Dependent-Mutually Exclusive events-Conditional probability-Bayes’ theorem and its uses.
Sampling and Socio-Economic Surveys: Concepts of Census and Sample survey-Advantages of Sampling over Census-Methods of random selection: Purposive sampling-Simple Random sampling- Cluster Sampling- Discovery Sampling- Monetary Unit Sampling-Steps of conducting Socio-economic Surveys-Sampling and Non-sampling errors.
Department of Accounting Syllabus Recommended Books:
1. Levin and Rubin: Statistics for Management.
2. Gupta, S.P. and M.P. Gapta: Business Statistics
3. Gupta, S.P.: Statistical Methods.
Additional Readings:
1. Harnett, D.A.: Statistical Methods
2. Mansfield, E.: Statistics for Business and Economics
3. Messon and Lind: Statistics for Business and Economics
4. Ken Black: Business Statistics-Contemporary Decision Making.
Mathematics for Business Decision
Department of Accounting Syllabus: Paper Code: 412509
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Number System: Introduction, Prime, Rational and Irrational numbers, Even and Odd numbers and their properties, Imaginary and Complex numbers.
Mathematical Induction: Introduction, Sequence, Series, Divergence of a Sequence, Sigma Notation. Sum of natural numbers.
Indices and Logarithms: Indices, laws of indices, Positive and fractional indices, Operation with power functions, Introduction, Laws of operations, Use of logarithm tables, Anti-logarithm, Exponential series, Logarithmic series.
Theory of Sets: Different types of sets, union, difference, intersection, Cartesian products, Venn diagram, Application in business problems.
Linear Equations and Inequalities: Solution of linear equations, solution of simultaneous linear equations. Identities and Inequalities and their solutions. Graphical representation of solution sets. Determination of Breakeven Point having a linear relationship among the variables.
Quadratic Equations: Relationship between roots and coefficients of a quadratic equation, Nature of roots. Solution of quadratic equations, formation of quadratic equations with given roots. Curve sketching of different linear and nonlinear equations.
Binomial Theorem: Expansion of binomial terms with positive integral index- Determination of general term and middle terms of a Binomial expansion and Exponential expansion.
Permutations and Combinations: Fundamental principles of permutations, permutations of things, repeated and circular permutations. Combinations: the relationship between permutations and combinations.
Progression: Introduction, Sum of Series in AP and GP, Use of concept of progression to find the present value and future value, Business problem solution.
Mathematics of Finance: Introduction, Annuities, Sinking Fund, Discount, Compound interest, Simple interest, Amortization.
Department of Accounting Syllabus- Recommended Books:
1. Bowen, Prichet, and Sabir: Mathematics with Applications in Management and Economics
2. Arya, Jagdish C., and Robin W. Lardner: Mathematical Analysis for Business and Economics.
3. Arora, P.N. and P.C. Bogga: Business Mathematics for Commerce and Economics.
4. Sanchetti, D.C. and V.K. Kapoor: Business Mathematics
5. Bernerd and Ziegler: Applied Business Mathematics.
Computer And Information Technology (Accounting)
Department of Accounting Syllabus: Paper Code: 412511
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Introduction: What is a computer?, Uses of Computers, Computer Generation and Classifications, Number System, Computer Organization and Architecture, Basic Logic Gates and Truth Tables.
Fundamentals of Computer Hardware: Input Hardware, Output Hardware, Processing Hardware, Peripheral and Storage Devices.
Introduction to System Software and Application Software: Introduction to Operating System. Introduction to Software Development and Concepts of Programming Languages, Compilers, Interpreters, and Assemblers, Program Design and Flowchart.
Graphical User Interface: Gaining Proficiency in GUI Operating System, Word Processing using MS Word: Editing, Formatting, Colors and Styles, Drawing, Tables.
Information Systems in Business: Why study information systems?-Why Business Needs Information Technology-Fundamental Information System Concepts-Overview of Information System.
Solving Business Problems with Information Systems: A System Approach to Problem Solving-Developing Information System Solutions.
Computer Systems: End User and Enterprise Computing.
Information Systems for Business Operations: Business Information Systems-Transaction Processing System.
Information Systems for Strategic Advantage: Fundamentals of Strategic Advantage-Strategic Applications and Issues in Information Technology.
Managing IT: Enterprise and Global Management-Managing Information Resources and Technologies-Global Information Technology Management-Planning and Implementing Change-Planning for Business Change with IT-Implementing Business Change with IT-Security and Ethical Challenges-Security and Control Issues in Information Systems-Ethical and Social Challenges of Information Technology.
Introduction to Accounting Information Systems: Introduction to Accounting Packages: Features of an Accounting Package. Making a Chart of Accounts. General Ledger, Payables: Vendors, Purchase, Payments. Receivables: Customers, Sales Receives. Payroll: Employees, Payroll. Inventory: Inventory, Transfer, Adjustment.
Book Recommended:
1. Mustafa Jabber: Computer and Information Technology
Reference Book:
- Hutchinson and Sawyer: Computers and Information Systems
- James O’Brien: Management Information Systems
- Courter: Office 2000 Mastering
- The Complete Reference MS Office 2000
Corporate Law And Practices
Department of Accounting Syllabus: Paper Code: 412513
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Credits: 4
Class Hours: 120 hrs.
Introduction: Background and evolution of Company Law, Definition. Legal Characteristics, General Characteristics, Artificial Person.
Types of Companies: Private Limited Companies, Public Limited Companies, Unlimited Liability Company, Cooperatives, Foreign Companies.
Formation of Company: Registration, Promoters, Memorandum & Articles of Association.
Capital Formation: Capital, Prospectus, Commission & Brokerage.
Shareholders of the Company: Membership of the Company, Share and call, Share transfer.
Contracts of the Company: Nature of the contracts, Contracts of the company under different situations, new contracts & pre-incorporation contracts, etc. Ultra vires contracts.
Borrowing of the Company: Borrowing power & procedures, Debenture.
Company’s Management & Administration: Nature of Management, Directors, Company Secretary, Managing Agent, Meeting & Resolutions.
Accounts & Audit of Company: Accounts of Companies, Auditors of Companies.
Dividends: Meaning, Types, Policies.
Transformation & Winding up of Company: Merger & Reconstruction, Liquidation.
Books Recommended: 1. M.A. Zahir: Companies Act, 1994
